Neural Prosthetic Hand Developments

Neural Prosthetic Hand Developments An ongoing development in the field of clinical is the Neural Prosthetic hand. New start in the field of neural prosthetics shows that they require an adjustment in the material methodology. Because of the explanation, that, not the entirety of the materials are bio-perfect and furnish strength with the tissues in which they are embedded. After the fruitful advancement of different prostheses, for instance, cochlear and retinal prostheses, the researchers consider creating different prostheses. The new prostheses will have the option to help various individuals who are harmed or have lost their appendages, have epilepsy, awful mind injury, constant torment, Alzheimer’s infection, individuals who have discourse incapacities and numerous other who have different types of sicknesses will profit by the new rising neural prostheses (Varrasi, 2014). Neural Prosthetics It is a blend of two fields which are neuro-science and bio-clinical building. With the assistance of neuro-researchers, bio-clinical architects structure and create prostheses, which are the groundbreaking component of any harmed individual or for an individual who is experiencing a few sicknesses like talked about above. The neural prostheses can be characterized as various gadgets which can emulate the capacity of the engine, tangible or psychological models of the human subject which have been crushed because of some injury. These gadgets are set up with the assistance PC on which the structure is made. After which, model is made which is utilized to test the capacity of the proposed arrangement that whether it will work or whether it will have any unfavorable consequences for the subject (Locsin, n.d.). These are implantable gadgets, some regular instances of these are, pacemaker, bladder control prostheses, sound-related prostheses (like cochlear inserts), sound-related prostheses (like listening device utilized by matured individuals who have hearing issues either because old enough or because of some injury), torment mitigating prostheses, cognizant development prostheses, engine prostheses, intellectual prostheses, etc. For what reason should the organization embrace it? As both the fields, neuro-science and bio-clinical building, are recently risen and have incredible breadth later on, this new advancement ought to be received. This will create incredible benefit to the organization as there are many individuals who are denied of the most essential detects like hearing, seeing, talking, strolling, and composing. So these are the individuals who will purchase these prostheses to get them embedded in their body. Through this, great income will be produced to the organization and the purchaser of the prostheses will pick up the capacity which he was denied of. Another motivation to embrace this is, a recently created or presented item (for this situation a neural prostheses) is consistently a site of fascination in the individuals and an indication of help to the individuals who are needing it. Furthermore, without a doubt, these items will pick up notoriety in the recovery places who work for the prosperity of individuals conceded in the restoration communities (Handa, 2006). Issues in the improvement of the neural prosthetics As this is where the item is in direct contact of within the human body it must be arranged cautiously. As a matter of first importance issue which happens is whether the material utilized in the advancement of the prostheses is bio-good or not. Because of reason being, if the material isn't bio-good, it will taint the tissues of the body (as a portion of the materials for the advancement of these prostheses can become harmful when they come in contact of body tissue) where it was embedded. Next is the issue of getting the bio-signal from the body of the patient, as bio-signals are extremely powerless and can't be recorded without any problem. At that point, is the issue of intensity utilization of the embedded gadget, which warms up when it utilizes more than the necessary measure of intensity. This is a major issue as it would wear out the tissues in which it is embedded. The tissues are exceptionally touchy to ascend in temperature (Garrison, 2007). Another issue is the life of the embedded prostheses in the human body. As each electronic thing has some life expectancy, so do these items too. A little issue that is the solace level of the prostheses may make it not useable. Answer for the issue The principal issue could be fathomed by a straightforward trial of the bio-similarity. Bio-similarity is the capacity of a bio-material that how well it performs with the host tissue (Black, 2006) without delivering any antagonistic impacts (Michel Vert, 2012). In this test, the example is tried as a team with the human tissue and ordinary scopes of the body boundaries are noted. This aides in the advancement of the prostheses which is bio-perfect and won't influence the body tissues. The other issue could be settled by making a hardware, which secures the sign from the human body and afterward enhances the sign to a furthest reaches that can be perceived. The force utilization issue is settled by setting the rate at which the prostheses is to work. Accordingly, by constraining its activity, the measure of intensity expended will likewise be restricted. The last issue talked about is with respect to the life expectancy of the electronic embed in the body. It is conceivable to utilize such batteries like lithium particle batteries which have a more prominent life expectancy in examination of different batteries that have lesser life expectancy. The solace level of the prostheses could be checked by first setting up the model which is made to check the strength. Advantages to the field and friends These prostheses could be created in numbers and afterward can be sent out to different pieces of the reality where they are out of luck. The field benefits by this development as after effective investigates, these prostheses could be utilized for instance for the following up and coming prostheses. The new forthcoming prostheses can be utilized for profound cerebrum injury or to invigorate the spinal string that will support the researchers and specialists to help patients in the recovery communities. Another sort of prostheses is the engine neural prostheses, which are otherwise called the mind machine interfaces (BMIs). These prostheses can recover the capacity of the engine capacities which were wrecked because of the a few wounds. The advantages of this item to the field is that number of individuals, including competitors, who may have lost their appendage because of some mishap, can utilize this office and re-gain their energy of partaking in competitions, races, and different exercises of intrigue. The advantage to the organization is that it will pick up prominence among different organizations. Because of fares and selling of these prostheses, the organization will have gigantic income which can be re-contributed to make new prostheses for different locales of the body. References Dark, J. (2006). Natural Performance of Materials. Battalion, D. (2007). Limiting Thermal Effects of In Vivo Body Sensors. Virginia. Handa, G. (2006). neural prostheses-past, present future. indian Journal of physical medication recovery. Locsin, A. (n.d.). What Engineer Designs Prosthetics? Recovered from Everyday life : http://everydaylife.globalpost.com/engineer-structures prosthetics-12210.html Michel Vert, e. a. (2012). Phrasing for biorelated polymers and applications (IUPAC Recommendations 2012). Varrasi, J. (2014, February 27). Cutting edge Neural Prosthetics Require a New Materials Approach. Recovered from livescience: http://www.livescience.com/43746-cutting edge prosthetics.html

Everything You Need to Know About WordPress Private Posts

Thinking about what the arrangement is with WordPress private posts? While making a WordPress page or post, you may have investigated that little Visibility territory in the Publish module. Underneath it, you see three radio catches: Public, Password Protected, and Private.So whats with that private alternative? On the off chance that youre distributing a blog entry, dont you need the entire world to see it? All things considered, not constantly, seeing as how WordPress private posts are brilliant for inner corporate interchanges, limited substance, and documentation that customary clients shouldn't have to see. Private WordPress posts lockâ all unapproved clients out of that content. Just certain signed in clients can explore to the post and view whats on it.An bit of leeway of a private WordPress post is the force you have while giving client get to. For example, you dont need to let all clients see the post. On the off chance that you have a blog entry with SEO rules for your ess ayists, you may confine section for the individuals who arent recorded as Authors.The process is basic for making private posts. In this way, well stroll through an instructional exercise on making a post private, directly in the wake of clarifying a portion of the examples where WordPress private posts can come in handy.Some circumstances where WordPress private posts come in handyHere are a few circumstances where private posts can be helpful:For an item or administration dispatch One of the benefits of a private post or page is that it despite everything gets distributed. Since a few partners are regularly engaged with new thoughts and item dispatches, it bodes well to put the post in a live domain, while additionally bolting out all visitors. The administrators have full command over which partners see the private page.For substance or configuration changes Although a sandbox setting is the favored strategy for engineers, numerous bloggers appreciate distributing posts and arran ging articles with a live post. Theres no compelling reason to hit the Preview catch, and it gives you a genuine test into how substance shows up. That, however you can show the substance to your editors in that distributed form.For a select network Some discussions and participation networks are private on account of selectiveness. Others include extraordinary individuals in an organization.For inside preparing and reference pages This is one of the most well-known approaches to utilize WordPress private posts. A composing guide, client service preparing module, or something to that effect, doesnt need the most noteworthy security. Be that as it may, site guests dont need to see this information.For a private blog Some people like to diary without the weight of others seeing it. A private WordPress post gives you an official distribution air instead of reviewing the post and putting away it as a draft. Also, it despite everything gives you the choice to impart presents on companion s or family.Specialized content You might need to bolt content that is saved for extraordinary clients. In spite of the fact that its completely conceivable to impart private presents on explicit client gatherings, yourâ best wager is to go with a substance entryway module or participation site. Think about the private post choice as the poor keeps an eye on content gate.Are private posts a decent alternative for delicate information?By default, anybody with a client job of Editor or Administrator can see all the private posts on your site. They likewise have command over changing the security settings. Remember this when working in a domain with different editors or administrators. There may be somebody who shouldnt be perusing the private post, or they may accidentallyâ (or intentionally) make the post open without you knowing.Furthermore, private posts arent ironclad safes. I dont suggest distributing any delicate data utilizing WordPress private posts. For example, legal advis ors and realtors shouldnt distribute contracts. Correspondingly, eCommerce organizations ought to abstain from distributing any client information.Overall, private posts produce shrouded portions of your site not totally secured parts. Its a greater amount of a bit of leeway when youd like to not trouble clients, while as yet keeping up a liquid work environment.Are the pictures in private posts still private?All pictures are actually accessible to the general population, in any event, when you distribute them as a major aspect of private posts. Anybody can acquire these pictures on the off chance that they have the picture URL. Despite the fact that its not plausible, its absolutely conceivable. At last, all Authors on your site can see the pictures in the media library.How to make private posts in WordPressCertain client jobs can see and alter private posts. These jobs include:Administrator Can see, make, alter, and erase any private post, paying little mind to who made it.Editor Can see, make, alter, and erase any private post, paying little mind to who made it.Author Can see, make, alter, and deleteâ their own posts. Writers can't see or alter private posts made by different clients, though.Step 1: Create another post/page or alter an old oneIm sure the vast majority realize how to include or alter a post, however I needed to tell you that its conceivable to make a private post from another one or one that is as of now distributed and public.Step 2: Edit the presents visibilityGo on the Publish module on your post.Find the Visibility segment and snap on the Edit link.Switch the Public radio catch to the one that understands Private. Snap on the OK catch to bolt it in.If this is another post, click the Publish button. In the event that its an old one, youll see the Update button.Step 3: Publish the post and check its privacyYou can test WordPress private posts by signing in as an Admin or Editor. On the off chance that you see the Private: message before t he title, just the Admin and Editors can see it.Your webpage will guide different clients to a 404 page.Step 4: Share the post with certain client gatherings (discretionary) WP JV Post Reading Groups Author(s): Janos VerCurrent Version: 2.2Last Updated: December 28, 2018wp-jv-post-perusing groups.2.2.zip 80%Ratings 6,204Downloads 3.9.2Requires By default, just Admins and Editors can see private posts. In any case, if youd like to demonstrate your substance to explicit client gatherings (like relatives or associates,) the WP JV Post Reading pluginâ helps you out with that.If youre somewhat further developed in your WordPress information, you can likewise utilize WordPress client jobs and the User Role Editor pluginâ to give extra client jobs access to the read_private_posts and read_private_pages abilities. This will permit those client jobs to see private posts and pages, as well.Thats it! In the event that you have any inquiries concerning WordPress private posts, share your co nsiderations in the remarks. Step by step instructions to make #WordPress private posts + some cool things you can do with them

Patriarchy in Hamlet Essay -- Essays on Shakespeare Hamlet

Male controlled society in Hamletâ â  â â William Shakespeare’s Hamlet utilizes the idea of male controlled society in a few situations and each on various levels. These degrees of man controlled society, if in any event, for a similar character, differ in their job in the play. Three male centric characters are handily distinguished: the apparition of Hamlet’s father, the ruler Claudius, and the master chamberlain Polonius. Regardless of their changes every man centric society shows esteems and activities which are key factors in realizing the calamitous completion of Hamlet. Claudius fills the job of father figure as both ruler to a country and stepfather to youthful Hamlet, whose father has kicked the bucket out of the blue. It is uncovered later that Claudius is answerable for the demise of his sibling, King Hamlet. This very demonstration of homicide to acquire the royal position and wed his own sister-in-law, a demonstration equivalent to inbreeding according to their general public, shows from the main the low quality of government that can be normal from Claudius. Youthful Fortinbras of Norway feels that since the King Hamlet is dead he is qualified for his legacy of land, and properly so as the agreement was drawn between King Hamlet and Fortinbras’s dad. The youthful Fortinbras is clearly some type of a danger to the realm, an idea communicated too by Horatio and Bernardo as they stand watch in the opening of the play (1.1.80-125). Claudius doesn't seem, by all accounts, to be excessively worried about the issue. He sends two dispatches to Fortinbras’s wiped out uncle asking that he stop Fortinbras and his assault on Denmark. In the interim, it appears as though Claudius doesn't give the make a difference another idea. It is odd that he doesn't all the more securely monitor the realm that implied enough to him to execute his own sibling to acquire it. He surprisingly should recognize what one ... ...blishers, 1999. Chute, Marchette. â€Å"The Story Told in Hamlet.† Readings on Hamlet. Ed. Wear Nardo. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 1999. Rpt. from Stories from Shakespeare. N. p.: E. P. Dutton, 1956.  Homer. â€Å"The Odyssey.† The Norton Anthology of World Masterpieces. Extended Edition in One Volume. New York: W.W. Norton and Company, 1997. 101-336. Shakespeare, William. â€Å"Hamlet.† The Norton Anthology of World Masterpieces. Extended Edition in One Volume. New York: W.W. Norton and Company, 1997. 1634-726.  Shakespeare, William. The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 1995. http://www.chemicool.com/Shakespeare/villa/full.html No line nos.  Ovid. â€Å"Metamorphoses.† The Norton Anthology of World Masterpieces. Extended Edition in One Volume. New York: W.W. Norton and Company, 1997. 684-99.  Â

Project Management Goals Exploratory Essay Sample

Practice shows that while a lot of other professions fall prey to economic recession project management positions remain largely resistant to them. It doesn’t, however, mean one can pursue a career in project management no matter what he or she does. If one is going to stay efficient and effective, one has to learn how to set goals that would prove to be recession-proof. However, it is easier said than done. Project managers work in all lines of business and are supposed to follow different sets of aims and guidelines. Depending on the company they work for, the industry this company deals with and with current market situation they may have to work in completely different circumstances. There, however, should be some general directions and characteristics common to all the projects that want to remain afloat during economic crises. Let’s try and define what kinds of goals a project manager is supposed to set if he or she is going to bring success to their company. According to statistics, time is still the most important commodity any business has today. Which naturally leads to the following conclusion – if a project is finished on time, even if it is not perfect in some respects, it is going to be successful. Things should not be simply done, they should be done on time. How is this to be achieved? One has to always remember the Pareto principle: 20% of all efforts yield 80% of all results. In order to successfully finish the project on time the manager should define its most crucial aspects and concentrate attention on them. If they are dealt with while the rest is left unfinished – it is still a good result. However, it is better to meet all the requirements set by senior management. In order to do that a detailed list of them should be in order – after all, if the manager is not clear about what exactly is demanded of him, he or she will be unable to prioritize and organize the work process. What initially seemed like a negligible task may turn out to be a behemoth eating up time and resources while some aspects of the project may remain unclear until the very end. Recession can make vague plans even more harmful than usual – not many companies can afford being unsure of what they are going to do when their very existence may well be at stake. Another important goal is to always stay within budget, avoid overspending and, if possible, use less money than has been allocated. The manager should carefully keep track of all the expenses, try to leave some space for maneuver and, if overspending becomes unavoidable, make sure to save on other areas. Even if the project goal is achieved, it won’t do much good if it required twice as much as was initially supposed, so keeping expenses in check is worth being a goal in and of itself. This becomes even more important during the period of recession, as the company will be more than happy to save even a little bit if it is at all possible. And finally, keeping both clients and the team satisfied should always be a goal of an experienced project manager. Although recession can make a lot of people less choosy about their jobs, it still pays to have a team of specialists who are not at each other’s throats and are happy to work for the company. As for clients – it has never been more important to keep them. All in all, the goals of a project manager during a recession are, first and foremost, to make sure that the job gets done, and gets done with the least possible expenses.

The Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn By Mark Twain - 930 Words

Mark Twain, in his novel, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, describes the adventure of Huck Finn as he helps an escaped slave find his freedom. Throughout the novel, Twain uses various examples of satire to criticize the racist views that were evident in white society. He condemns the common racist mindset many whites have and to make the public realize the unfairness that blacks face solely because of the color of their skin. Twain first describes his purpose by satirizing a moment when Jim uses a hairball to supposedly tell Huck’s future. He told Huck there was â€Å"a spirit inside of it, and it knowed everything.† (p.17). At first glance it seems like Jim is very stupid to believe that a hairball really had magic powers that†¦show more content†¦Ironically, Jim tells Huck to â€Å"keep ‘way fum de water as much as you kin†(p.18) because it would be where Huck would die, yet in most of the book, Huck travels by water and survives his dangerous experiences. This also further proves the hairball fortune to be a scam, as the fortune is proven wrong by the later events of the book. Twain uses Jim’s scam in order to satirize the idea that blacks are stupid and ridicule one of the many racists beliefs by whites. With this satirization, Twain hopes that his audience will see that the common stereotypes that are given to blacks may not be true and that they should not be treated unfairly as a result of this racist thinking. Another way Twain satirizes the racism in white society is when Huck is debating with himself on whether or not he should save Jim. When Huck makes up his mind to save Jim, he states â€Å"All right then, I’ll go to hell† (p.214). Huck exaggerates the punishment he believes he will receive from God. This hyperbole demonstrates that Huck believes helping a slave is something that should be unthinkable. Huck has been told by the racist white society to never help a black guy escape as it is something that is against God and that doing something like this is a sin. His belief helps Twain demonstrate the racist nature of white society of the south. Huck is an innocent child that wants to help Jim, yet thinks that helping him would be a sin against God. Twain wants to show the racist beliefs by many

Breast Cancer A Shocking And Very Serious Disease

Breast cancer is a horrifying and very serious disease that should not be underestimated. It is a common cancer in women but the majority of women that are affected by this disease do not know that it can be treated in all sorts of ways or that breast cancer rarely ever appears in the same form more than once. As one of the leading causes of death in the United States, breast cancer is affecting tons of people. Orenstein, a breast cancer survivor, discusses the awareness and education of breast cancer today and to give us a full understanding of the disease. In â€Å"Our Feel-Good War on Breast Cancer†, Breast cancer awareness and the effectiveness or lack of effectiveness is an important part of this article. She provides historical background in her article which gives an insight into the history of breast cancer to her specific audience and also discusses early detection versus late detection and also the possibility of overtreatment. Orenstein has a different outlook on br east cancer and has different approach in her article by stating her personal story as an introduction into her riveting article. Using her personal story at the beginning gets her readers to have an emotional attachment to her and to be more open to her ideas. This technique is effective, but however her claim would be more effective with research that proved the lack of effectiveness of mammograms. She argues that over awareness is a problem and that the actual effectiveness of mammograms does notShow MoreRelatedEssay on Breast Implants1733 Words   |  7 Pages Breast Implants One of the first uses of silicone in a medical implant came in the form of lifesaving tubes implanted into young children to funnel excess fluid from the brain into the chest cavity, where the fluid could be safely metabolized and excreted. 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Equitable Accessibility Combining Ethical Theories

Question: Discuss about the Equitable Accessibility for Combining Ethical Theories. Answer: Introduction Ethical Dilemma is defined as a complex situation in which a choice is required to be made between two options when neither of the options is effective in resolving the situation (Martinez Wueste, 2016). In this easy, the futility of blocking the Pirate Bay is highlighted by the Britains Grand Tour piracy spree. In this assignment, the case study of Britain's The Grand Tour piracy spree highlights the futility of blocking The Pirate Bay is analyzed from the perspective of four classical ethical theories, which includes utilitarianism, deontology, virtue and contract. The Scenario illustrates the importance of blocking the Pirate Bay. It is identified that in Australia, all the different internet service providers like Telstra, TPG block access to different BitTorrent search engines like The Pirate Bay and various types of online streaming sites (Turner, 2017).This is because that copyright holders of Australia often complains about piracy. According to (Lucas, Wee Maat, 2016), the club cases of Dallas Buyers were thrown out, as the rightsholders did not convince that judge reflecting the matter that various tactics of extortion are off the table. Various arguments over costs occurs which delayed the blocking of pirated website. The rightsholders are forced to foot the bills and they were paid 50$ per blocked domain. When various people like Hammond, May and Clarkson were defected from the BBC to Amazon, it was claimed that The Grand Tour is one of the most pirated show, which are downloaded, by around 13.7% of the people who were located in UK. They use tricks for downloading the Grand Tour when the British ISPs block access to various search engines. Beating of the piracy website of Australia is quite easy and it is as simple as visiting a proxy website. The IPS block the websites of Australia by editing their various listings of the DNA, which once works like the directory of the telephone by using proper procedure in order to convert the URL into various IP addresses (Turner, 2017). TOR helps in encrypting traffic as well as bouncing it around the web and it helps in beating a piracy filter. Just like Brits, Australians uses the tricks and as a result, their piracy rates drop. It has been analyzed that piracy is fully dependent on pricing as well as convenience (Beyer McKelvey, 2015). The Lego Movies release delayed by seven weeks and millions of dollars were lost due to piracy. Therefore, it is very much easier to push for ineffective filtering of web than to fulfill the demands of the people. The theory of Utilitarianism considers the action as best if it helps in maximizing the utility (Lucas, Wee Maat, 2016). According to the theory of utilitarianism, the Britains Grand Tour piracy spree highlighted the importance of blocking the Pirate Bay. The decision of the court to block the entire pirated website is considered as the most effective and it plays a major role in maximizing the utility of the entire scenario. The ISP of Australia block the various sites by redirecting the users with the help of a notifying page illustrating the decision of the court (Danaher, Smith Telang 2015). The decision of the court plays a major role in beating the website piracy of Australia. Deontological theory of ethics helps in judging the morality of an action depending on some rules (Gergely Rao, 2014). The theory of deontology analyses that the decision taken by the court is very much effective as well as ethical. The blocking of the pirated website resolves many problems that are associated with the website (de Sa, 2015). It has been analysed from the scenario that the Lego Movie was delayed in Australia by seven weeks due to piracy, which resulted in loss of huge amount of money. In order to resolve this type of challenges, blocking of all the pirated website is the most effective as well as moral decision to be considered (Way, 2014). The blocking of pirated website increases the profit of the copyright owner as the users needs to pay to the owners. The ethical theory of Virtue emphasizes the character of an individual as the key element of ethical thinking rather depending on the rules about their different acts as well as consequences (Martinez Wueste, 2016). As per the theory of virtue, it is analysed that the decision take by the court to block the several-pirated website of Australia is considered ethical. The service providers like Telstra as well as Optus were asked to block the access of various search engines as well as illegal streaming sites in order to resolve some the ethical issues (Mehmood et al., 2015). The Clarkson, Hammond as well as May are considered as effective character in claiming the fact that Grand Tour is the most pirated show, which is used, by 13.7% of the people located in UK. The Australian government uses simple tricks for blocking every proxy website. The website is generally blocked with the help of ISPs by editing the DNS listings effectively. The ethical theory of contract addresses the different questions about the origin of the society as well as about it legitimacy of the authority of the state over various individuals (Scott, 2016). According to the theory of contract, the case of Dallas buyers club was thrown out, as the rightsholders did not properly convinced the judge that the different tactics of extortion were off table. The different strike rule, which threaten to hand over the various contact details to the offenders, wasted on the vine as it is expected by the ISP of the Australia to pick up the bill. Later the court announced that the ISP must block the entire pirated website in order to reduce the ethical problems that are associated with the website (Turner, 2017). The rightsholders are payed $ 50 as per each blocked domain, which is according to the legal cost of the ISP. Recommendation There are number of recommendations that are provided in order to minimize website piracy in the coming future. The methods include: Implementation of strict rules and regulation: It is quite important for the Australian government to have strict rules and regulation in order to minimize the issues. It is very much important to implement strict penalty for the pirated websites. Developing proper as well as clear software policy for the users: It helps in suggesting that polices are quite helpful in explaining the acquisition of software legally. Creating awareness among the users: The government of Australia must implement various awareness programs in order to educate the users amount the negative impact of pirated website. This helps in minimizing the use of pirated website by different users. Conclusion It can be concluded that the government of Australia must have proper rules and regulations in order to minimize the challenges that the government is facing due to pirated website. The methods, which are provided, are helpful in mitigating the problems. It is identified that the courts have announced blocking of various search engines as well as illegal streaming sites. It is analyzed that it is quite significant to stop the use of pirated website so that they do not have any devastating impact. The government must implement awareness programs in order to educate the users amount the negative impact of pirated website. References Beyer, J. L., McKelvey, F. (2015). Piracy Social Change| You Are Not Welcome Among Us: Pirates and the State.International Journal of Communication,9, 19. Danaher, B., Smith, M. D., Telang, R. (2015). The Effect of Piracy Website Blocking on Consumer Behavior.Available at SSRN 2612063. de Sa, V. M. M. (2015). Piracy Social Change| From Orkut to Facebook: How Brazilian Pirate Audiences Utilize Social Media to Create Sharing Subcultures.International Journal of Communication,9, 18. Gergely, M., Rao, V. (2014). The Effects of Salience, Deterrence, and Social Influence on Software Piracy: A Proposed Experimental Study. Lucas, K., Wee, B., Maat, K. (2016). A method to evaluate equitable accessibility: combining ethical theories and accessibility-based approaches.Transportation,43(3), 473-490. Martinez, N., Wueste, D. (2016). Balancing theory and practicality: engaging non-ethicists in ethical decision making related to radiological protection.Journal of Radiological Protection,36(4), 832. Mehmood, K., Afzal, M., Khan, M. M., WaseemIqbal, M. M. (2015, January). A practical approach to impede key recovery and piracy in Digital Rights Management System (DRM). In2015 12th International Bhurban Conference on Applied Sciences and Technology (IBCAST)(pp. 349-353). IEEE. Scott, G. (2016).Internet Book Piracy: The Fight to Protect Authors, Publishers, and Our Culture. Skyhorse Publishing, Inc.. Turner, A. (2017).Britain's The Grand Tour piracy spree highlights the futility of blocking The Pirate Bay.The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 5 January 2017, from https://www.smh.com.au/technology/gadgets-on-the-go/britains-the-grand-tour-piracy-spree-highlights-the-futility-of-blocking-the-pirate-bay-20161215-gtcfay Way, L. C. (2014). Discourses on Somali Piracy: Intervention and legitimacy.Journalism Practice,8(1), 80-95.

Marxs and Engelss Communist Manifesto

To understand the full meaning of the given passage, one must comprehend the historical and intellectual context in which it appears.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Marx’s and Engels’s Communist Manifesto specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Basically, Marx’s and Engels’s Communist Manifesto has depicted human history as a continuous manifestation of class struggles between an oppressor minority and the oppressed majority. Before the advent of the industrial age, all oppressive power was vested in the hands of a feudal class – the aristocracy. The chain of events starting with the overthrow of the monarchy in the French revolution eroded the traditional power base of Europe, leading to the rise of a new class of oppressors among the serfs – the bourgeoisie. This class of men only spoke the language of money and had little use for traditional values such as workmanship, chiva lry, religion, family relationships and other forms of sentimentality. The proletariat – the labor class, then crowded to fill the ranks of the new oppressed majority, allowing their hard work to be exploited by the bourgeois capitalists for a bare minimum existence. Marx and Engels believed that through this exploitative association with the proletariat, the bourgeoisie was able to rise to the top of the social class pyramid, fostering the development of present day property relations which sit at the heart of a wealth-driven society. According to this theory, the onset of the 19th century saw the dawn of a new civilization in which all productive forces of society were being systematically channelized to secure the existence of bourgeois property. Consequently, the proletarians had little choice but to understand their place in the new hierarchy which thrived on their usefulness as workmen, but cared little for their welfare as human beings. Marx and Engels argued that such an exploitative arrangement could not last forever and in due course, discontent would rise to the surface, which would ultimately, force the labor class to rise in armed rebellion against an uncaring, bourgeois ruling class. The study passage serves to illustrate such an outcome.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The first section states that: The productive forces of society no longer tend to further the development of bourgeois civilization and the condition of bourgeois property. The conditions of bourgeois society are too narrow to comprise the wealth created by them. (Marxists Internet Archive, 2011). Since, discontent was growing heavily, Marx and Engles have tried to predict it would be only a matter of time before the bourgeoisie realized that their financial stranglehold on the proletariat was not strong enough to permanently secure their wealth due to the uneven nature of exploitation. Sooner or later, the ambitions of the proletariat would break the glass ceiling that until now, kept them down. To further assess the proletariat’s vulnerabilities, the passage looks into how the bourgeoisie desires to tackle this problem: And how does the bourgeoisie get over this crises? On the one hand, by the enforced destruction of a mass of productive forces; on the other hand, by the conquest of new markets, and by the more thorough exploitation of the old ones. That is to say, by paving the way for more extensive and more destructive crises, and by diminishing the means whereby crises are prevented. (Marxists Internet Archive, 2011). In association with other sections of the passage, we may gather that the authors, here, are referring to immoral tactics that have been employed by capitalists to demoralize the labor class; these include keeping the wages low i.e. enforcing destruction of a means to production, and looking for ingenious ways to exploit old markets while discovering new ones. Marx and Engles theorize that Capitalism thrives on the back of labor exploitation, which will set the events that would eventually lead to the downfall of such a system. The last section of the passage suggests that Capitalism’s seeds of destruction lie in its own methods of oppression:Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Marx’s and Engels’s Communist Manifesto specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The weapons with which the bourgeoisie felled feudalism to the ground are now turned against the bourgeoisie itself. But not only has the bourgeoisie forged the weapons that bring death to itself; it has called into existence the men who are to wield those weapons – the modern workers – the proletarians. (Marxists Internet Archive, 2011). Marx and Engels are here trying to imply that not unlike Frankenstein, the bourgeoisie has created a monster among the proletariats, who would one day untie the restraints that are keeping them tethered in submission. When such a thing happens in future, it would undermine the very foundations of the bourgeois power structure. The significance of the passage, can be seen in the context of the overall Communist Manifesto theory. The underlying theme of Communism tries to project the proletariat as the owner of all means of production in a distant, utopian future – a future where men are stripped of their right to exploit the labor of other men for their individual, selfish benefits. From the point of view of early 19th century history, this was a radical statement to make. To be first among his peers, Marx came with a theory where it was possible for the oppressed majority people to wrest the reins of power from an oppressive minority. The passage, here, serves as a clarion call to the proletariat to fight against the fetters of injustice, in order to rise against a global, tyrannical sys tem that has been exploiting it for its own good. If one reads between the lines, the passage serves to incite readers of that period to raise their voice against the injustices of the prevailing system It is significant to note that within years and decades of the publishing of Communist Manifesto, the world saw major Communist rebellions in South America. The impact of this passage is indeed profound, considering its indirect role in shaping human history. Reference Marxists Internet Archive. (2011, Oct 10). Manifesto of the Communist Party [Online document]. Retrieved from https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1848/communist-manifesto/index.htmAdvertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This essay on Marx’s and Engels’s Communist Manifesto was written and submitted by user Shania S. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

A Grave Decision Essays - Drug Control Law, Drug Culture

A Grave Decision Essays - Drug Control Law, Drug Culture A Grave Decision A Grave Decision I come to you today not as a politician looking to say the right things or as an ex drug users looking to lecture you on the disastrous effects of drug use. But I do come to you today as a terribly concerned citizen of this great nation. As you are probably are aware of our government is pondering the idea and is leaning toward legalizing such illicit drugs as marijuana, cocaine, and heroin. There are those in this nation on both sides of the spectrum in this great debate. Some believe that the government should not be able to control what we put in our bodies and others like myself believe that the legalization of street drugs could have irreversible repercussions. For over the last fifty years drug use and abuse has been a huge problem in our society. Countless amounts of taxpayers dollars have been spent to combat the ever increasing drug problem. These tax dollars have gone towards such aids as drug rehabilitation, drug education and drug awareness. Although not overwhelming to a certain degree our efforts have worked. In 1988 it was estimated that there were 11 million people classified as addicted illicit drug users, currently that statistic is approximately five percent lower. And for those people who say that that money was not well spent, well what I have to say to that is if those billions of dollars saved just one person from the evils of drugs then to me it was worth it. Now after fighting so hard to wipe out drugs are we willing to take a step backwards, concede to the pressures of other and legalize drugs? I think not! Many believe that legalizing drugs would have lead to benefits in our nation. One point, which they often bring up, is that it would lessen the rate of crime. They try to prove the fact that the legalization of drugs would deter future criminal acts such as robbery, murder and assaults. But the facts prove that most drug related are on the down in most American cities anyway, this is do to the fact that we are crunching down on pushers and dealers which goes back to the point of tax payers money and its benefits. These same people emphasize the contrasting aspects of prohibition. When the public realized that prohibition could not be enforced the law was repealed. From this, they try to infer the same of legalizing drugs. Saying that legalizing alcohol didnt increase alcoholism, so why legalizing drugs increase drug abuse and addiction? I wont argue that Ill just straight out disprove it! In fact the percent of the population that is alcoholics is almost twelve percent higher then it was at the time of prohibition. On that note I can only imagine what the increase of drug use would be if it were to be legalized and become readily available and easily accessed in stores to all of the population. Those who have taken a stand for the legalization of drugs must be in a drugged up haze themselves or in total denial of the horrendous effects of drug abuse. The reasons why drugs should not be legalized in my opinion are endless; I could sit here all day and talk about them. Legalizing drugs would increase their accessibility to not only current drug addicts, but it would increase accessibility to those who had never experienced drugs because of a variety of reasons such as the high prices or the fact of legal consequences. We as society would be feeding addicts, instead of trying to help them kick an addiction that will in the end lead to their eventual death. Is it not the job of the government to protect the people within its control? If this true, then why would they even consider doing such a grave action as legalizing drugs? Do are national leaders even know what they are considering doing? Do they realize what the society will be like when it is considered okay to go and have a joint or sniff a line of coke or do a hit of heroin in public? I just do not think the government and

Canadian Standards Association (CSA) Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Canadian Standards Association (CSA) - Article Example almost everything that a business or industry handles and a consumer benefits from; â€Å"from toasters to transformers, sewer pipes to sewing machines and light to lumber† (Griffin, 15). The CSA mark of standard can be found on â€Å"more than a billion products around the world† (Griffin, 15). The international counterpart of the organization â€Å"tests and certifies products to national, regional and international standards† (Griffin, 15). This in turn helps to ensure â€Å"public safety and health†, better the â€Å"quality of life†, and conserve environmental health (Griffin, 15). The role of the organization has been defined as to â€Å"foster operational excellence† (Griffin, 15). CSA provides standards for many aspects of a renovation project. As detailed in the CSA website, CSA.CA.com, CSA has set standards for building construction, the Z320-11, Building Commissioning Standard and Check Sheets 2011. There is also a detailed set of guidelines, CSAZ8000, published specifically in the context of renovation of health care facilities, for essential electrical systems, heating, ventilation, air-conditioning, handling of waste materials, infection control, plumbing installations, and medical gas-pipeline systems. A renovator can follow these standards to ensure quality and safety. They help the renovator to know â€Å"if the technical functions associated with their major systems were safe and fully operational,† as suggested in the CSA website, CSA.CA.com. These standards approach the buildings and their entire operational systems from a holistic perspective, says the CSA website, CSA.CA.com. The website also explains that the â€Å"major building system s† that come under these guidelines are: It is also observed in the CSA website, CSA.CA.com, that â€Å"the intent of this Standard is to provide a comprehensive, integrated, consistent, and managed process to ensure and document the performance of a complete building and its major systems in meeting the basis of

Palestine between WWI and WWII Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Palestine between WWI and WWII - Essay Example Arguably, Muslims, Christian and Jewish groups invoke religious arguments to hold their positions on the Canaan land territory hence sparking conflict. Muslims argue that the land belongs to all Abraham descendants with Ishmael included whom they believe as their origin. Jews and Christians believe that God promised the land of Canaan to them through Abraham’s young son Isaac. The conflict exploded to a full-blown civil war in 1947 leading to establishment of Israel modern state in May 1948. Competing territorial ambitions initiated political and nationalist conflict following the fall of Ottoman Empire shifting large-scale Arab, Israeli conflict to local Palestinian Israeli conflict (Goldschmidt & Davidson, 2009). The large-scale conflict largely ended after 1973 October cease-fire. In the interwar years, the conflict was further fuelled by land purchases and culture conflicts, mainly attributed to religious differences. The other major cause of the war was the rise of anti-S emitism and the rise of the Arab Nationalism. The anti-Semitism caused by a notion that there was a Jewish conspiracy that was propagated by the Europeans and had no roots to Islam. The rise of the Arab Nationalism saw the coming of leaders such as Hajj Amin al-Husayn who were both educated and enlightened the masses on their rights and what they needed to do. The Great Britain white paper was also known as MacDonald white paper. This was because Malcolm McDonald presided over it as the British colonial secretary.

Intercultural communication Essay Example for Free

Intercultural communication Essay The power distance refers to the closeness, or lack thereof, between a person of authority and his or her subordinates. Those that hold the power of authority, that is those people who can bring about a change of some type, are also, many times, those who present with some type of symbol of their authority when attending a meeting, or otherwise on display. For example, in an Arabic country, a person in authority might wear a richly decorated robe and head covering while those in subordinate roles might be dressed in a less elaborate robe and plain head covering or a suit. The language one uses also denotes their position of authority. For example, a person in authority in a more democratic and informal society would usually address a subordinate by his or her given first name instead of using a salutation such as Mr or Ms along with the persons last name as would be the case in a more formal, less democratic culture. In addition, there is ample body language displayed both by the person in authority and by those whose are not in authority. A person of authority will usually command a presence in a room by presenting oneself in the front and center of a group of people. Subordinates to the person in power will flank that person by standing back away and behind the person in authority. Indeed, depending on the culture of the person in authority, that person will either talk to their subordinates in an aloof way that can seem to be almost rude to someone that is unused to it. The countries that demand this sort of communication include those located in the Arab speaking areas of the world, as well as Russia and China. In other cultures, such as those found in Australia, Canada, and Japan, there is more of an egalitarian mood to the interactions between a person with the power of authority and their subordinates. This is characterized by mutual respect between both parties that is not found in those more conservative countries.

Human Cloning - The Greatest Danger is Ignorance :: Cloning Argumentative Persuasive Argument

Human Cloning – The Greatest Danger is Ignorance The successful cloning of an adult sheep—in which the sheep's DNA was inserted into an unfertilized sheep egg to produce a lamb with identical DNA—generated an outpouring of ethical concerns. These concerns are not about Dolly, the now famous sheep, nor even about the considerable impact cloning may have on the animal breeding industry, but rather about the possibility of cloning humans. For the most part, however, the ethical concerns being raised are exaggerated and misplaced, because they are based on erroneous views about what genes are and what they can do. The danger, therefore, lies not in the power of the technology, but in the misunderstanding of its significance. Producing a clone of a human being would not amount to creating a "carbon copy"— an automaton of the sort familiar from science fiction. It would be more like producing a delayed identical twin. And just as identical twins are two separate people—biologically, psychologically, morally and legally, though not genetically—so a clone is a separate person from his or her non-contemporaneous twin. To think otherwise is to embrace a belief in genetic determinism—the view that genes determine everything about us, and that environmental factors or the random events in human development are utterly insignificant. The overwhelming consensus among geneticists is that genetic determinism is false. As geneticists have come to understand the ways in which genes operate, they have also become aware of the myriad ways in which the environment affects their "expression." The genetic contribution to the simplest physical traits, such as height and hair color, is significantly mediated by environmental factors. And the genetic contribution to the traits we value most deeply, from intelligence to compassion, is conceded by even the most enthusiastic genetic researchers to be limited and indirect. Indeed, we need only appeal to our ordinary experience with identical twins—that they are different people despite their similarities— to appreciate that genetic determinism is false. Furthermore, because of the extra steps involved, cloning will probably always be riskier—that is, less likely to result in a live birth—than in vitro fertilization (IVF) and embryo transfer. (It took more than 275 attempts before the researchers were able to obtain a successful sheep clone. While cloning methods may improve, we should note that even standard IVF techniques typically have a success rate of less than 20 percent.) So why would anyone go to the trouble of cloning? There are, of course, a few reasons people might go to the trouble, and so it's worth pondering what they think they might accomplish, and what sort of ethical

Prison Term Policy Recommendation Paper

In September 2011 there will be a vote on a bill that will double the prison sentence of anyone committing armed robbery, in the state of Wisconsin. The hope of the bill sponsors is that the increased penalties will deter a person from committing armed robbery. Senator McKenzie is aware of popular support for the bill; however, he has asked for my recommendation of whether or not the measure will have any genuine deterrent effect on the rate of incidence. When State Senator McKenzie asked me for my recommendation, I looked for studies on the deterrent effect of lengthy sentences, for armed robbery. The studies I read indicate that, whereas there may be a slight decrease in recidivism, the reduction was not significant enough to indicate that a longer sentence has a significant deterrent effect on those commit armed robbery. The reduction of crime is not directly contributable to the length of sentence. Rather than focus, too intently, on studies of the deterrent effect of stiffer penalties, I believe that it is more important to look at the other factors, which may lead a person to commit an armed robbery. There are three criminology theories in particular, which may influence a criminal’s decision to commit a violent crime. The biological theory theorizes that some people are ‘born to be bad’; something in his or her biological makeup causes them to behave in a violent fashion. The rational choice theory theorizes that people have free will and, if they commit a violent act it is that they choose to do so. Finally, the psychological theory theorizes that there is a psychological deficiency that leads a person to commit criminal acts. What is Armed Robbery? To begin, it is important to understand why armed robbery should receive greater penalties than non-armed robbery. When a person commits armed robbery, he or she is using, or threatening to use, a weapon; the criminal is intimidating the victim into relinquishing his or her money or property (CriminalDefenseLawyer. com, 2011). When weapons are involved, the danger that someone will be seriously harmed or killed significantly increases. The purpose of the bill, on focusing on armed robbery, is to deter criminals from using violence in the commission of his or her crime. The main question to be considered is; why does a criminal commit an armed robbery? Understanding this question may eventually lead to the genuine determination of how to reduce and eliminate crime; three theories of criminal behavior in particular may hold the key. Biological Theories The first theory to consider is the biological theory. Is there something in the fundamental makeup of an individual that may lead him or her to violence and criminal activities? Cesare Lombraso, a 19th century Italian medical doctor, is one of the best known scientific biological theorists. One of his theories posited that, if a person had an underdeveloped brain (e. g. inferior brain) they would be incapable of conforming to the rules and laws of society; because they would be unable to understand why what they are doing is wrong. Lombroso performed autopsies on numerous criminals, including an Italian soldier who attacked and killed eight of his fellow soldiers, and found deformities of the criminals’ brains. This led him to conclude that a reason for the criminal’s behavior was that the criminal had inferior reasoning capabilities, and therefore, the criminal could not understand the difference between what is right and wrong (Schmalleger, 2009). A biological theory, by evolutionary theorist Charles Darwin, theorized that because life favors the strongest and best individuals, those who are able to attain power and possessions are most likely to procreate, thus continuing his or her genes. Animals, including humans, are driven to ggression, and crime, to improve his or her economic and social positions; to facilitate his or her search for a mate (Schmalleger, 2009). Lombraso and Darwin determined that biology is the cause behind aggressive and criminal behavior. Rational Choice Theory A second theory is the classical school of criminology referred to as the rational choice theory, or free will. This theory posits that a person chooses to commit criminal acts; that circumstances su ch as social and economic hardships lead a person to commit crime. The theory maintains that a person will consider the pros and cons of committing a criminal act; if the benefits outweigh the punishment, the person will commit the crime (Law Library: Free Legal Encyclopedia, 2011). According to this theory, a person with low social standing, and often impoverished would be more likely to commit armed robbery to improve his or her economic conditions, thus improving his or her social position. Classical theorists Cesare Beccaria and Jeremy Bentham were two theorists who believed that if the punishment were greater than the benefits of the crime, individuals would be deterred from committing criminal (Schmalleger, 2009). However, this theory does not appear to take into account the desperation factor; if someone is impoverished, possible living on the streets, his or her desperation for basic requirements may be such that there is no deterrent strong enough to stop him or her. Psychological Theory The third theory is based on psychological factors. Sigmund Freud and J. Dollard proposed theories that, when a person is significantly frustrated, over a long period, aggression is the natural outcome (Schmalleger, 2009). According to this belief, if a person lives in depravation long enough, the individual will eventually become frustrated enough that he or she may resort to armed robbery, to improve his or her economic status. Another psychological theory, which is popular in current times, is that violent video games, television, and movies, are the driving force behind violent criminal activity. Lieutenant Colonel Dave Grossman, a former assistant professor of psychology at West Point, calls video game, â€Å"hypnotic murder simulators† (Schmalleger, 2009, p. 231). This theory posits that people become desensitized to violence and lose perspective; they no longer see right and wrong, therefore they may resort to criminal activity to obtain what they want. Whether any, or all, of these theories have merit, it is clear that there are factors other than simple greed that can lead to a person committing a violent crime such as armed robbery. Without being able to narrow down the factors of why a person is likely to commit an armed robbery, it is difficult at best to determine what will deter him or her from committing the crime. It is my belief that too many factors contribute to a person’s decision to commit the crime, to believe that simply lengthening the sentence will be effective. Studies Two studies in particular, on the deterrent effect of longer sentences on criminals committing armed robbery, indicate that although there may be a slight deterrent effect, there is not a significant deterrent effect by increasing sentence length. In 2006, Italy passed a bill that gave clemency to thousands of criminals with three or fewer years left on his or her sentences. If the criminals were to commit any further crimes within the next five years, not only would the individual have to serve the sentence for whatever crime was committed, the sentence would be extended by whatever time had not been previously served (University of Chicago Press Journals, 2009). This gave three scientists, Francesco Drego, Roberto Galbiati, and Pietro Vertova the opportunity to study the deterrent effect of longer sentences on recidivism rates. In 2009, the scientists published their discoveries in the Journal of Political Economy; the results indicate that an increase of sentencing, by as little as one month, reduced the recidivism rate by 1. 3% in less serious crimes; however, for criminals committing more serious offenses, of which armed robbery is one, there was virtually no deterrent effect (University of Chicago Press Journals, 2009). Although this study is encouraging for less serious crimes, it does not indicate that there is a significant reduction of serious and/or violent crimes because of the longer sentencing. Another study conducted by the economists David S. Lee of Columbia and Justin McCrary of Michigan, focused on Florida recidivism rates, discovered that even though imprisonment and sentences increase from three to 17% after the age of 18, depending on the seriousness of the crime, there was no significant drop in recidivism rates when juvenile criminals transitioned to adult courts. It was, in fact, because the individual was incarcerated and unable to commit more crimes that there was a drop in criminal activity between the ages of 17 and 19 (Waldfogel, 2007). Conclusion There are too many factors, which may cause a person to commit an armed robbery, to believe that simply lengthening the prison term will be effective. If a person is biologically inclined toward criminal activity, longer sentences will not be sufficient to override his or her biological ‘programming’. If they have inferior cognitive abilities, because of underdeveloped brains, they will be unable to comprehend the significance of a longer sentence; a longer sentence would have no more significance to them than a shorter sentence. If the person has endured frustration long enough that they feel his or her only choice it to take what they want by force, they are unlikely to consider the prison sentence before they commit the act. Or they may determine that even if they are caught, at least they will have a roof over their heads, food on their plate, and clothes on their back, if they are sent to prison. For some criminals this may, in fact, be an inducement to commit the crime. If a person has become psychologically ‘warped’ by social media, they may have lost the capability to judge right and wrong, thereby losing the capability to consider the consequences of his or her actions; a longer sentence would not be sufficient deterrence. Finally, if the person has made the choice, of his or her own free will, to commit an armed robbery, even after weighing the pros and cons, doubling his or her sentence is going to have very little deterrent effect. Many criminals believe that they will not be apprehended; or they believe they will be able to reduce their sentence through a plea bargain. When a criminal chooses to commit a crime, they are also choosing to accept the penalty should they be caught. Of the three theories, I believe that a criminal who falls under the rational choice theory has the best chance of being deterred. This criminal is the one who is most likely to understand the significance of a longer sentence. However, as the Italian and Florida studies indicated, imposing longer sentences did little to deter violent criminals. As violent crime is not, in my opinion, a rational act, it is unlikely that armed robbers would fall under the rational choice theory; hence, they are unlikely to be deterred by doubling their prison sentence. My Recommendation While I do not believe that doubling the prison sentences of armed robbers will have a significant deterrent effect on armed robbers, I do believe that it will have an effect on the crime rate. If the criminal is incarcerated for a long period, they are unable to commit further armed robberies. They will be segregated from society, and will be unable to further victimize society. Society will also receive psychological benefits from the new law; they will feel comforted by the fact that the individual is no longer able to victimize society. As the bill has popular support, from both the legislature and the public, I recommend that Senator McKenzie vote to pass the bill, when it comes up for a vote in September 2011. References CriminalDefenseLawyer. com. (2011). Armed Robbery. Retrieved 10 January 2011, from http://www. criminaldefenselawyer. com/crime-penalties/federal/Armed-Robbery. htm Law Library: Free Legal Encyclopedia. (2011). Classical School of Criminology. Retrieved 30 January 2011, from http://law. jrank. org/pages/14359/classical-school-criminology. html Schmalleger, F. (2009). Criminology Today: An Integrative Introduction, Fifth Edition. Retrieved 30 January 2011, from CJA 314. University of Chicago Press Journals (2009). Potential Criminals Can Be Deterred By Longer Sentences, Study Suggests. ScienceDaily. Retrieved 30 January 2011, from http://www. sciencedaily. com /releases/2009/05/090518111726. htm Waldfogel, J. (2007). The Irrational 18-Year-Old Criminal. Slate. Retrieved 30 January 2011, from http://www. slate. com/id/2158317/

Reducing The Rate Of Reoccurring Offenses For Juvenile...

Research suggests that reducing the rate of reoccurring offenses for juvenile offenders is directly related to understanding the factors that increase the recidivism rates for this age group: the origins of the offenders, the behavior problems and causes, the adjudication process, and the type of offense committed. Aalsma, M., White, L., Lau, K., Perkins, A., Monahan, P., Grisso, T. (2015). Behavioral Health Care Needs, Detention-Based Care, and Criminal Recidivism at Community Reentry From Juvenile Detention: A Multisite Survival Curve Analysis. American Journal Of Public Health, 105(7), 1372-1378. http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2014.302529 The studies in this article shows the behavioral health needs of youths are related to the†¦show more content†¦Barrett, D. Katsiyannis, A. (2015). Juvenile Delinquency Recidivism: Are Black and White Youth Vulnerable to the Same Risk Factors?. Behavioral Disorders, 40(3), 184-195. http://dx.doi.org/10.17988/0198-7429-40.3.184 The publication shows how the question of race predicts the repeat offending in youths in the state of South Carolina. The authors show how the background, parenting, mental health, disabilities, and the first offense contribute to the variances in recidivism rates in both African-American and Caucasian youths. Prevention implications are used to show how the recidivism can be reduced in both youths. Barrett, D. is the Associate Dean of Academic Affairs and Research at the Eugene T. Moore School of Education, Clemson University. This publication is relevant due to it showing how recidivism is shown in the youths and the variances that each race can have. Barrett, D., Ju, S., Katsiyannis, A., Zhang, D. (2013). Females in the Juvenile Justice System: Influences on Delinquency and Recidivism. Journal Of Child And Family Studies, 24(2), 427-433. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10826-013-9853-8 Mental health history and the familial dysfunction/disruption is studied when it comes to the female juvenile delinquency rate. Comparing data from multiple sources the authors will show how the recidivism rate is directly correlated to the home life of the youths. Any variable associated with the misbehaviorShow MoreRelatedThe Problem Of Recidivism Today s Society And How It Is Hitting Extremely High Numbers1289 Words   |  6 PagesIt examines how this is a reoccurring issue that has yet to find a solution. Due to youthful indiscretions individuals of the youth are becoming repeat offenders and are in the long haul being placed in and out of jails, California Youth Authority programs, and eventually becoming apart of the revolving door of the prison industry. Often these problems stem from lack off community resources, child abuse, neglect and their socio-economic state. On top of this reoccurring issue, individuals do notRead MoreThe Economic Effects Of Overpopulated Prisons1500 Words   |  6 Pagesrequired expenditures of the prison system, identify anomalies in court sentencing at the federal, state and local levels, and pinpoint cost-savings to reduce the financial burden to tax-paying citizens. The United States has the highest rate of imprisonment in the world and it has a direct effect on its taxpaying citizens at nearly 39 billion dollars annually. There are six major categories of incarceration: sexual assault, murder, robbery, assault, burglary, and drugs and of the nearlyRead MoreEffective Tactics to Reduce Juvenile School Shootings Essay2779 Words   |  12 Pagesviolent crimes, specifically murders and homicides, the American society tends to react in a sense that justice should be brought to the victim(s) by giving extensive punishment to the offender(s); this is assuming adults are the players of these specific violent crimes. However, if the tables are turned to juveniles, specifically involving schools, the reactions seem to change. Rather than feeling little empathy while depending on the justice system to carry out decisions expected by society, theRead MoreCommunity Health Assessment and Diagnosis Essay3501 Words   |  15 Pagesassessment of an Eastern Washington Community known as Chelan/Douglas Counties which will lead to a community diagnosis. This community diagnosis is based on publicly available statistical data gathered using the concepts of epidemiology of birth rates and leading causes of death and assessing the communities determinants of health from the websites of the Chelan/Douglas County Department of Health, the Washington State Department of Health, the World Health Organization, the Federal Centers for